An oil-cooled distribution transformer is an electrical device that lowers high voltages (such as 11 kV or 33 kV) down to safe, usable levels (like 415V/230V) for homes and businesses. It sits inside a steel tank filled with insulating mineral oil, which cools the internal parts and stops electrical sparks.
Key Parts and Functions
Core and Windings: Made of iron and copper or aluminum coils to transfer electricity through magnetic fields.
Insulating Oil: Mineral oil that flows around the core to absorb and carry away heat.
Conservator Tank: A small top tank that holds extra oil as it expands and shrinks with temperature changes.
Radiators: External metal fins that cool the hot oil by letting air flow over them.
Buchholz Relay: A safety device that detects internal faults and triggers alarms or shuts down power.
